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GENERAL DESCRIPTION
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Bachelor's degree provides wide range of
career opportunities in industry, business, and government.
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Graduate degrees offer more opportunities for
career advancement.
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Bachelor's degree is good background for
pursuing technical graduate degrees as well as professional
degrees in Business Administration, Medicine or Law.
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Related work experience obtained through
co-op, internships, part-time or summer jobs, or regular
employment is extremely beneficial.
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Develop computer expertise within field.
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Engineers need to think in scientific and
mathematical terms, have ability to study data, sort out
important facts, solve problems, and be logical thinkers.
Creativity is useful.
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Other helpful traits include intellectual
curiosity, technical aptitude, perseverance, ability to
communicate and work well with others, a commitment to
teamwork, and a basic understanding of the economic and
environmental context in which engineering is practiced.
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Develop excellent verbal and written
communications skills including presentation and technical
report writing.
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All states and the District of Columbia
require registration of engineers whose work may affect the
life, health, or safety of the public.
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Professional or technical societies confer
certification in some areas.
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Join related professional organizations.
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Most fields offer overseas opportunities with
businesses or government agencies.
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Because of rapid changes in most engineering
fields, both continued education and keeping abreast of new
developments are very important.
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Most states require an EIT
(Engineer-In-Training) test before taking a state examination to become a Professional Engineer (PE).
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Search the Internet for additional
information about individual disciplines.
JOB TITLES & DESCRIPTIONS
ANY ENGINEERING DISCIPLINE
Production
Sales and Marketing
Management
Consulting
Research and Development
Teaching
Law
EMPLOYERS
Industry
Business
Federal, state, and local government
Colleges and universities
STRATEGIES
Obtain engineering related experience through a co-op or
internship in business/industry. MBA degree provides best
opportunities in technical management. Obtain Ph.D. for
optimal teaching and research careers. Develop strong verbal
and written communication skills. Learn federal, state, and
local government job application procedures.
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AEROSPACE
Propulsion
Fluid Mechanics
Thermodynamics
Structures
Celestial Mechanics
Acoustics
Guidance and Control
EMPLOYERS
Aircraft, guided missile, and space vehicle industries
Communications equipment manufacturers
Commercial airlines
Federal government departments: Defense, National
Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Business and engineering firms
STRATEGIES
Discipline uses cutting edge technology to
deal with challenges of aeronautics, space, mass
transportation, environmental pollution, and medical
science. Keep abreast of status of federal funding for
defense and space programs. Seek co-op opportunities.
Develop effective verbal and written communication skills.
Learn to work well within a team.
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BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING
Natural Resources: Soil and Water Conservation
International Consulting
Environmental Control
Agricultural Structures
Power and Machinery
Electronic Systems
Food Engineering
Genetic Engineering
Engineering Technology
EMPLOYERS
Technological agricultural industries
Land grant universities: Experimental farm stations,
Research laboratories
Consulting firms
Equipment design, testing, and manufacturing firms
Equipment and food industries including processing,
packaging, and storing
Quality control for food, feed, fiber, etc.
Biotechnology research firms
Foreign Service
STRATEGIES
A broad, basic engineering discipline with a close
relationship to the environment, food production, and
agricultural productivity.
Participate in internship or co-op programs.
Acquire strong computer skills.
Learn a foreign language for work in foreign service.
Develop strong math and problem solving skills.
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BIOMEDICAL
Bioengineering: Design, Development,
Manufacturing
Medical Engineering: Instrumentation, Materials,
Diagnostic/Therapeutic Devices, Artificial Organs, Medical
Equipment
Rehabilitation Engineering
Bio-environmental Engineering
EMPLOYERS
Manufacturers of medical and surgical devices
Hospitals and healthcare facilities
Federal government: Regulatory agencies, Veteran's
Administration, National Institutes of Health, National
Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Industry
Research facilities of educational and medical institutions
STRATEGIES
Discipline combines engineering and human anatomy to develop
and maintain medical and healthcare systems and equipment.
Develop strong team work skills. Many positions require a
graduate or professional degree. This field serves as a good
background for medical school.
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CHEMICAL
Administration
Design and Construction: Project Engineering, Control
Systems, Field Engineering, Process Engineering,
Operations/Production
Environmental and Waste Management: Development, Design
EMPLOYERS
Independent research institutes
Consulting organizations
Chemical industry including: Agricultural chemicals,
Plastics, Industrial chemicals, Petroleum, Pharmaceutical,
Cosmetic, Food processing, Atomic energy development,
Environmental
Federal government including: Department of Energy,
Environmental Protection Agency
Manufacturing plants including automotive, airplane, paper,
microelectronics, textiles, metals, rubber, food, and
beverage
STRATEGIES
This branch of engineering combines the
science of chemistry with the discipline of engineering to
solve problems and develop efficiency.
Develop exceptional interpersonal skills.
Acquire technical work experience during college years.
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CIVIL
Structural
Urban and Community Planning
Construction
Environmental
Water Resources
Transportation and Pipeline
Geotechnical
Photogrammetry, Surveying and Mapping
Materials
EMPLOYERS
Construction industry
Engineering or architectural firms
Utility companies
Oil companies
Telecommunications businesses
Manufacturing companies
Consulting firms
Railroads
State and federal government agencies
STRATEGIES
Broad discipline of "doers" providing service to the
community through development and improvement. Works
extensively with other professionals involved with the
community. Provides opportunity to work outdoors.
Learn to work well within a team. Develop
strong communication and interpersonal skills. Develop
physical stamina for outdoor work. Get experience in
organizing and directing workers and materials. Ability to
visualize objects in three dimensions is helpful. Demand has
remained steady due to broad nature of discipline. States
may require licensing or registration.
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ELECTRICAL/COMPUTER
Power Electronics
Power Systems
Communications
Electronics
Control Systems
Digital Signal Processing
Microelectronics
Image Processing & Robotics
Computer Engineering
Plasma Engineering
Computer Vision
EMPLOYERS
Manufacturing firms and industry including:
Aeronautical/Aerospace, Automotive, Business machines,
Professional and scientific equipment, Consumer products,
Chemical and petrochemical, Computers, Construction,
Defense, Electric utilities, Electronics, Environmental,
Food and beverage, Glass, ceramics, and metals, Machine
tools, Mining and metallurgy, Nuclear, Oceanography, Pulp
and paper, Textiles, Transportation, Water and wastewater
Public utilities
Federal government including: Armed forces, National
Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), National
Institutes of Health, Bureau of Standards, Department of
Defense, Various commissions
Consulting firms
Free-lance consulting
STRATEGIES
A field in touch with a wide and growing range of
applications such as high speed and wireless communication,
exploration of outer space, and a revolution in medical
diagnosis and treatment.
Develop effective verbal and written
communication skills. Gain experience in team work. Acquire
capacity for details. Develop interpersonal skills. Obtain
research experience.
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INDUSTRIAL
Operations Research
Applied Behavioral Science Systems
Manufacturing Management
Information Engineering
Computer Systems Design and Development
EMPLOYERS
Manufacturing industries
Accounting firms
Retail distribution organizations
Banks and financial institutions
Hospitals and healthcare organizations
Educational and public service agencies
Transportation industries
Construction industries
Public utilities
Electrical and electronics machinery industries
Consulting firms
STRATEGIES
Discipline links management and operations by improving
productivity through a "big picture" approach; serves human
needs and works with people.
Take courses in psychology, sociology and anthropology to
learn more about people and how they behave. Earn an MBA for
advancement in management or administration.
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MATERIALS
SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
Metallurgy
Ceramics
Plastics/Polymers
Composites
Research
Extractive
Process
Applications
Management
Sales
Service
Consulting
EMPLOYERS
Materials producing companies
Manufacturing companies including automobiles, appliances,
electronics, aerospace equipment, machinery, medicine
Service companies including airlines, railroads, and
utilities
Consulting firms
Government agencies: Department of Defense, National
Aeronautics Space Administration (NASA)
Research institutes
Publishers
STRATEGIES
Studies properties of various types of materials and how
they are made and behave under different conditions. Many
positions require a graduate degree.
Some areas benefited by additional study in business
administration, medicine, management and/or law. Develop
good communication skills. Gain laboratory and research
experience as an undergraduate.
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MECHANICAL
Mechanical Power Generation: Internal
Combustion Engines, Jet Engines, Steam Power Plants,
Rockets, Energy Utilization and Conservation
Thermal/Fluids: Thermodynamics, Environmental Control,
Refrigeration, Instrumentation and Control
Machine Sciences: Mechanical Design, Manufacturing and
Production, Robotics, Operation and Maintenance
EMPLOYERS
Transportation: Automotive industry, aerospace industry,
military laboratories
Utilities: Steam driven electric power stations
Equipment Design: Plants, Nuclear power stations
Electronics industry
Petro-Chemical: Drilling & production, plant operations
Manufacturing: Consumer products, chemical products, farm
equipment, industrial equipment, paper and wood products,
textile equipment
Consulting engineering firms
STRATEGIES
Takes broad outlook on solving complex problems. Involves
design, development and production. Keeps pace with
technology. Acts as an interface between society and
technology. Obtain related experience through internships or
co-op. Take additional courses in area(s) of interest.
Develop strong interpersonal and communication skills.
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ENVIRONMENTAL
Design
Planning
Operations
Administration
Regulations
EMPLOYERS
Private industry and businesses involved with air pollution
control, industrial hygiene, radiation protection, hazardous
waste management, toxic materials control, water supply,
storm water and wastewater management, solid waste disposal,
public health, and land management
Private engineering consulting firms
Construction firms
Research firms
Testing laboratories
International organizations
STRATEGIES
Discipline plays vital role in reducing toxicity and
pollution of water, ground and air for a better quality of
life for all living things. Consider a master's degree for
advancement. Foreign language ability beneficial for
international work.
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NUCLEAR
Environment and Pollution
Health
Space Exploration
Consumer and Industrial Power
Food Supply
Transportation
Water Supply
EMPLOYERS
Electric and gas utility companies
Guided missile and space vehicle companies
Engineering consulting firms
Business services including medical industry
Manufacturers of nuclear power equipment
Research facilities
Military services
Defense manufacturers
STRATEGIES
Discipline studies basic components of neutrons, protons,
electrons and all matter; deals with inanimate substances.
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ENGINEERING
SCIENCE AND MECHANICS
Engineering Mechanics
Biomedical Engineering
Computational Mechanics
Engineering Materials
EMPLOYERS
Industry
Manufacturing
Research organizations
STRATEGIES
Interdisciplinary program with broad training in engineering
science, mathematics, and physical or biological science.
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