Engineering Fundamentals, Analysis, and Design
Fall 2003
Class Activity Journal
|
Team 1 |
Team 2 |
Team 3 |
|
Jacob Leister |
Chris Huff |
Austin Zinsu |
|
Jeremy Bass |
Mary Evbuomwan |
Lee Sanford |
|
Osa Evbuomwan |
Young Kim |
Robert Nickel |
|
|
Nick Moore |
|
Why Study Engineering?
List of items describing what engineering is:
List if skills particular teams would like to concentrate on this semester
Team 1 – Will surround themselves with the right people by
befriending classmates in appropriate classes
spending free time with supportive people outside your major
joining/enquiring about clubs in local area
seeking out local engineers for growth/employment opportunities
Team 2 – Will achieve high level of success in using class/lab time wisely by
taking good quality, complete notes
coming to class fully prepared
keep learning goals in mind for each class
reminding selves of main focus frequently
Team 3 – Will significantly increase level of commitment to success by
writing out short and long term learning objectives
keeping focused on goals/objectives through frequent review
keeping a positive attitude and noting personal successes
Why we succeed
List of reasons behind successes and failures in our personal pasts
|
Successes |
Failures |
|
Enjoying the activity you are trying to succeed in |
Lack of desire/motivation |
|
Prior preparation/planning |
Procrastination/no perseverance |
|
Not accepting the possibility of failure |
Frustration/insufficient progress |
|
Investing adequate time |
Lacking prerequisite skills |
|
Focus |
Lack of interest |
|
Resilience/overcoming minor setbacks |
|
|
Committment |
|
Make personal schedules for planning sufficient time to succeed in classes
Peer assessment performed: some comments
Divide out each class separately
Schedule thinking/idea time
Don’t underestimate non-educational commitments
Can break up types of class activity
Use multiple types of thinking in time organization
Types of Engineers
with strengths/requirements to be good in that area
Analytical -
Experimental – mechanical skills
Design – pay attention to detail, good idea generator, see big picture
Research -
Test – in-depth knowledge of tools used, build on past improvements
Consulting – broad experience
Management – economic skills, people skills
Professor – clear communication
Discussion on
Engineering Statistics
Roughly 1% of the
Only 3% of the engineering workforce is replaced each year
The slowed economy does not change long term significant growth predictions
Discussion on The
Engineering Team
Scientists gather the new information that engineers use to design new products and services which the technologists implement.
Scientists study, engineers design, and technologists build. (expand this?)
Scientists research to understand, engineers endeavor to design, and technologists identify appropriate implementation.
MS Word – Useful Tools
Practiced Items on Sheet in Class
Ethics – Importance and Codes
It is a guide to better ethical decision making.
It gives a framework to work within.
It may not be a personal value.
Ethics can protect one as an employer/employee.
Provide insight when used.
It makes sequences of decisions run more smoothly if followed accordingly.
It helps to make good decisions by pointing out bad choices.
Ethics – Types of Ethical Issues Appearing in Case Studies from book
Intel Pentium Chip – Conflict of interest due to personal investment.
Runway Concrete at
Competitive Bidding at Paradyne – Computer Ethics and Conflict of interests
Sealed Beam Headlight Case – Proprietary Information Case and conflict of interest
MS-Word – Templates and Wizards
Teams go through process of
Finding where Templates/Wizards are in MS Word
Exploring how to use them and customize them to differing needs/tastes
Pay special attention to “Memos” and “Professional Letters”
Make a 5-8 step summary for a novice that explains Template/Wizard use
Group 3
Robert Nickel, Austin Zinsu, Lee Sanford
Steps to writing a memo using Microsoft Word
Steps to writing a letter using Microsoft Word
1. Go to start menu, under programs, click Microsoft word.
2. Under the file menu, click new. On the right hand side of the screen under “new from templates”, click general templates
3. Select “letters/ faxes” from title bar,
4. Double click professional letter,
5. Enter Company name, recipients address, then content of the letter
Conclude with your name and job
Team #2 (Combined Wizard/Template Instructions)
Team 1: Specific Instructions for one type wizard
Memos – Wizard
Step 1 – Open MS Word
Step 2 – Click on File and select New
Step 3 - Under New from Templates in the navigation bar
Click on general templates
Step 4 - Click on “Memos” tab in pop-up windows
Step 5 - Click on Memo Wizard icon
Step 6 - Click on OK (or double click on icon)
Step 7 - Follow directions to create the Memo
Team 1: Specific Instructions for one type of template
Professional Letter Template
Step 1 – Open MS Word
Step 2 – Click on File and select New
Step 3 - Under New from Templates in the navigation bar
Click on general templates
Step 4 - Click on “Memos” tab in pop-up windows
Step 5 - Click on Professional Letter icon
Step 6 - Click on OK (or double click on icon)
Step 7 - Fill out all areas with desired information
SII Assessment Methodology for In-class and group design use
S = Strength – identify what you, your teammates, and the entire team did well in terms of accomplishing your teams goal of learning about the assignment topic and responding with high quality work demonstrating your learning. This should be as analytical as possible, including WHY this strength helped you learn.
I = Improvement – identify what you, your teammates, and the entire team need to improve upon in terms of accomplishing your teams goal of learning about the assignment topic and responding with high quality work demonstrating your learning. This should be as analytical as possible, including WHY this improvement needs to be made in order to help you learn.
I = Insight – identify how the group learning activity illuminated your awareness of learning growth as an individual and as a team. This insight should help you understand how your learning (and ability to do new learning) is growing.
Engineering Analysis
How would you use analysis in designing the following items:
Insights
- looking at all directions – analysis based on design choices affects all related analyses, so one must make compromises
- data and analysis are very different – analysis is not just looking up info in a book
- considering the end user affects which analysis needs to be done
- practicality – you can’t calculate some things
- many of calculation is needed for one thing.
Unit Conversions and Dimensional Analysis
When performing unit conversions
Remember!
Always write everything out with in fraction form to help visualize which units cancel. Just because you can do it in your head does not mean you will get it right!
Read the problem carefully so that the correct quantity goes in the numerator
You don’t need to invent new conversions. Combining basic conversions by using each as a separate ratio is OK.
You need to have your prefixes memorized!
Performing Conversions in MS Word
Egg Drop Design Results
Team 3: Airborne Eggspress – 14m
Team 2: 9m
Team 1: Good try from about 5m
Why did the highest design work
Durability of outer shell
Fresh foam is good shock absorber completely around egg
Egg moves with package but does not achieve large velocity relative to package
Analysis Methodology
· Problem Statement – givens and what you need to find; as short as possible
· Diagram – includes labels known quantities with units; illuminates the problem to give a physical picture of what is happening
· Assumptions – listed
· Governing Equations – separate from calculations
· Calculations – shows the manipulation of governing eqs to obtain an answer; includes units throughout
· Solution Check – double check work
· Discussion – explain why answer makes some sense
Aerospace
Design and its relationship with analysis
Max mass was found for a fast closing valve – how does this impact the rest of the valve design?
§ This gives you a starting point to make further desing choices such as what types of materials can be used.
§ The combination of a material choice and the calculated mass give dimensional limits for geometries such as square valves, circular valves, etc.
Ideas for very specific agricultural engineering projects
o Reducing size of harvesting equipment for corn while maintaining efficiency
o Improved irrigation coverage for higher degree of uniformity in water received by plants
o Optimize type of sprinkler for specific soils
o Fertilizer applicator design to reduce waste and maximize delivery to plants
o Applying soil organic coverage “net” to reduce dust and loss of topsoil
Design Objectives Used in paper airplanes
Stiffen material to house engine to prevent deformation
Balance engine thrust with aerodynamic considerations for a stable flight
Achieve a straight flight via wing design to minimize wasted flight time.
Minimize height gain by balancing horizontal range to achieve a high score
Ease of construction
Use light weight materials for easy launch by hand
Using MS EXCEL and WORD to produce good total problem Solution
o Graphics in Word
§ View à Toolbars à Draw
§ Autoshapes à Basics Shapes and Lines are the most useful
· Changing colors, etc à Right Click Autoshape and play with options
§ Text Boxes – click the text box icon, click on insertion location, and type in the box
o Formatting a Document for Analysis Methodology
§ Need sections for
· Problem Statement
· Diagram
· Assumptions
· Governing Equations
· Calculations – just type See EXCEL for now
· Discussion
§ Use a custom template to create Analysis Methodology Template
· File à New
· In lower left corner of dialog box click “Create New” General Template
· Define your sections as listed above with appropriate ways to separate them, such as lines or boxes. See one example below
· Save – give a name for future use such as Analysis Methodology. It will appear as a template option when you go to “File à New” the next time.
Template for Analysis Methodology Using several Tables:
|
Problem Statement |
Diagram
|
Assumptions |
Governing Equations |
|
|
|
Calculations – See attached EXCEL or MATLAB document
Title of attachment:
|
Discussion |
Tuesday, September 30
Industrial chemical reactions require precise flows of different
reactants
Mass flow rate = density * velocity * cross-sectional area of flow
How do you get between volume quantities and mass quantities?
Use
the density as a conversion factor since the units are [kg/m3]
How do you get between given volumes and surface areas?
Embedding and Linking from EXCEL into WORD
From Word File à Insert
Choose your excel
file
Insert as a Link to
update when you make changes
Insert normally to
embed a non-changing image into the Word document
OR
Select your chart or data set in EXCEL
Copy
Paste into Word
Tuesday and Thursday, October 7 and 9
Excel
o
Not so
many parentheses
o
Easier
to check work
Parametric analysis of a beam
deflection
o
Deflection
is directly proportional to load
o
Deflection
increase with load but not linearly.
o
The
deflection relationship to beam length is a complex third order polynomial in
the denominator of the equation for deflection
Civil Engineering
Testing Bridges: Team 1 = 12.44
lb for a 1.75oz bridge
Team
2 = 9.62 for a 47g bridge
Team
3 = 22.07 for a 1.8 oz. bridge
Computer Engineering
Toll booth traffic
analogy for series and parallel circuits
Series – all cars must go through each tollbooth à slow
-
all electrons must go through same resistor à small
current
Parallel –
cars have a choice of which toll booth to use à fast
- electrons have a
choice of which resistor to use à big current
Electric Power
Note home appliances
Wattage and you can easily calculate the current they
draw
if you remember that wall voltage is 120V.
Ex. A typical microwave is 1200W, so I = P/V =
1200W/120V = 10 Amps
Lightning Bolt example: WOW,
high power! 10^12 is on the order of the
most powerful machines ever made.
Industrial Engineering
Industrial
Engineers tend to be concerned with efficiency.
This includes all aspects of efficiency from raw materials shipment and
storage, to human factors and ergonomics, to maintenance of equipment, to
health and safety.
CAPACITY FACTOR
CF = (what you
actually produced/what you could have produced)x100%
Hint on units: numerator and
denominator need the same units
Use the % in
100% as a unit and be sure to include it in the equation
Electric Motor Tests
None of the designs were able to blow up the garbage bag: WHY?
o
Not
enough torque to drive a heavy shaft
o
Friction
on bearings that hold the shaft
o
Asymmetry
in shaft caused bouncing
o
Relatively
weak permanent magnets (need rare earth magnets)
o
Alignment
of brushes/commutator and magnets not aligned or
commentator gap too small
o
Compensation
for weak magnetic fields by using more wire and thus reducing current flow due
to increased resistance. (Note: two
wires in parallel can overcome this problem.)
Tuesday and Thursday, November 11 and 13
Materials Engineering
Thinking in Cubes
Atoms in corners
have 1/8 of their volume in the unit cube itself
Atoms on faces have
½ of their volume in the unit cube itself
Atoms in the center
have their entire volume in the unit cube
Atoms cannot
overlap, but there will be some space between them.
Solving problems with the first law of thermodynamics
o
Lay out
all the governing equation first
o
Determine
which variable are known by given information
o
Make
assumptions necessary to determine some variable or allow them to be calculated
o
Determine
additional equations needed to calculate remaining unknown variables